MAOPIPI

Doxycycline Calcium

2025-10-25

盐酸多西环素-Doxycycline Calcium

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Omeprazole

Storage

Omeprazole tablets should be stored in a light-proof, tightly sealed container at room temperature. The omeprazole granules inside capsules are fragile and should not be crushed or squeezed. If administration in paste form is required, carefully mix the granules with fruit juice—do not use water, milk, or saline.

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Pharmacology / Indications / Pharmacokinetics

Omeprazole is used to treat gastric and duodenal ulcers, esophagitis, and gastric acid hypersecretion secondary to gastrin-secreting tumors (Zollinger–Ellison syndrome) or mastocytosis. It can also be used to treat or prevent gastric erosion caused by drugs such as NSAIDs. Additionally, omeprazole is used in dogs for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections and acute gastritis.

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Pharmacological Action

This drug is a novel gastric acid secretion inhibitor that specifically acts on the gastric parietal cells, reducing the activity of the H⁺/K⁺-ATPase enzyme. It strongly and persistently inhibits both basal acid secretion and acid secretion stimulated by histamine, pentagastrin, or food.

It also suppresses gastric acid secretion induced by dibutyryl-cAMP (DCAMP), which cannot be inhibited by H₂ receptor antagonists.

Omeprazole’s inhibitory effect on acid secretion is more than ten times stronger and lasts longer than cimetidine (over 24 hours).

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Drug Safety

In experimental animals, chronic inhibition of gastric acid secretion by omeprazole may induce hypergastrinemia, leading to mucosal cell hypertrophy, fold thickening, and benign tumor formation. Therefore, the recommended maximum treatment duration is 8 weeks.

However, such adverse effects have not been reported in companion animals.

High-dose intravenous rabeprazole has been shown to cause pulmonary edema in dogs.

Use with caution in pets with the following conditions:

1.Hepatic disease

2.Renal disease

3.Pregnancy or lactation

4.Known hypersensitivity to omeprazole or similar drugs

Omeprazole is generally well tolerated in animals, but potential side effects include:

1.Decreased appetite

2.Vomiting or nausea

3.Diarrhea or constipation

4.Flatulence

5.Proteinuria

6.Skin rash

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Drug Interactions

The following drugs may interact with omeprazole:

1.Benzodiazepines

2.Clarithromycin

3.Clopidogrel

4.Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12)

5.Cyclosporine

6.Digoxin

7.Ketoconazole

8.Itraconazole

9.Ampicillin

10.Iron supplements

11.Phenytoin (omeprazole may enhance its effect)

12.Rifampin

13.Warfarin

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Dosage and Administration

Dogs

For the treatment of ulcers:

•0.5–1 mg/kg orally once daily

•20 mg (total dose) orally once daily

For severe ulcers unresponsive to H₂ blockers, severe esophagitis unresponsive to metoclopramide and H₂ blockers, and gastrinomas (Zollinger–Ellison syndrome):

•0.75–1 mg/kg orally once every 24 hours

•Dogs >20 kg: one 20 mg capsule

•Dogs 5–20 kg: 10 mg (½ capsule)

•Dogs <5 kg: 5 mg (¼ capsule)

When administering less than a full capsule, repackage the granules in a white gelatin capsule to prevent acid degradation.

Alternative dosing regimens reported:

•0.7 mg/kg (dogs >20 kg: 20 mg per dog; dogs <20 kg: 10 mg per dog), orally once daily

•Dogs <20 kg: 0.7 mg/kg orally once daily; dogs >20 kg: 20 mg orally once daily

•For esophagitis: 0.7–2 mg/kg orally once or twice daily

For treatment of Helicobacter infection:

Triple therapy regimen:

•Metronidazole: 33 mg/kg once daily